Convergent validity was supported by expected relationships of perceived stress scale10 scores to measures of anxiety and depression. These results support the use of the perceived stress scale10 among hispanic americans. Sheldon cohen in 1983, this 4, 10, or 14 point questionnaire assesses how in control of their lives subjects have felt over the last month. Three versions of pss pss14, pss10 and pss4 are available which comprise 14. As part of our advocacy, we have digitalised the percieved stress scale questionnaire, deviced by dr. The results indicate that there is significant difference between students who were 10th qualified and those who had 11th qualification on. Perceived stress reactivity and related constructs were assessed in n 2,040 participants from the united kingdom, the united states, and germany. Sep 05, 2017 stress is a major determinant of mental health. Perceived stress in a probability sample of the united states. A twostage translation procedure was employed to achieve a portuguese version.
The scale also includes a number of direct queries about current levels of experienced stress. However, the german version of the pss10 has not yet been validated. This scale was developed in 1983 by sheldon cohen and has 3 versions of 10, 4 and 14 items that are used to measure general perceived stress during the last month. Profit related use of the perceived stress scale requires the permission of both the american sociological association asa and the author s. Take one of the leading stress questionnaires devised by world renowned psychologist dr. Refer to the text below the calculator for more information on the pss and its usage. The perceived stress scale pss was developed to measure how controllable and unpredictable people viewed their lives, an important component of the experience of stress. The perceived stress scale cohen j health soc behav 24.
Sheldon cohen, is the most widely used tool in scientific research for assessing the perception of stress. The original version had 14 items asking participants to rate their stress over the past month 4, with seven items negatively stated and seven items positively stated. Psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale in. The scale also includes a number of direct queries about current levels.
Based on an existing germanlanguage instrument, we here present the perceived stress reactivity scale psrs, a 23item questionnaire with five subscales and one overall scale. Cohen will grant you permission to use the pss in printed questionnaire form. Positively worded items are reverse scored, and the ratings are summed, with higher scores indicating more perceived stress. Therefore, we assessed the psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale pss in ethiopian. The present study evaluated the validity and reliability of the cohen 10item perceived stress scale pss10 in assessing tension headache, migraine, and stress related diseases in iran.
Cohen et al, 1983 is a 14item instrument designed to measure the degree to which situations in ones life are appraised as stressful. Among these, pss is the most widely used such as in studies assessing stressfulness of events, physical and psychiatric diseases and stress management programs 6 14. The present study evaluated the validity and reliability of the cohen 10item perceived stress scale pss10 in assessing tension headache, migraine, and stressrelated diseases in iran. Perceived stress scale pss measures the degree of nonspecific perceived stress based on 10 questions. Jan 01, 2011 based on an existing germanlanguage instrument, we here present the perceived stress reactivity scale psrs, a 23item questionnaire with five subscales and one overall scale. Perceived stress scale sheldon cohen the perceived stress scale pss is the most widely used psychological instrument for measuring the perception of stress.
Psychometric analysis of the tenitem perceived stress scale john m. The cohen perceived stress scale is being used widely in various countries. Participants completed the 10item perceived stress scale pss. May 23, 2016 the perceived stress scale cohen j health soc behav 24. Convergent validity was supported by expected relationships of perceived stress scale 10 scores to measures of anxiety and depression. These results support the use of the perceived stress scale 10 among hispanic americans. Aug 11, 2011 there are three popular tools for measuring perceived stress. Internal consistency reliability of the perceived stress scale10 total and subscale scores was good in both language groups. Pss10 scores are obtained by reversing the scores on the four positive items. Validity and reliability of the cohen 10item perceived. The perceived stress scale by sheldon cohen contains 10 statements to which the subject responds on a 5 point likert scale ranging from never, almost never, sometimes, fairly and very often04 positively worded statements are reverse scored. The perceived stress scale pss10 reliability and validity were evaluated in brazilian adults.
Validation of the arabic version of the cohen perceived stress scale pss10 among pregnant and postpartum women. Participants were asked about their feelings and thoughts during the past and to indicate how often they felt or thought a certain way in response to 10 questions e. It measures stress by a series of questions based on your feelings and emotions over the last month and how strongly youve felt them. Exploratory study of perceived parenting style and perceived. The exploratory factor analysis showed two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1. Therefore, we assessed the psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale pss in ethiopian university.
Perceived stress scale 4 item the questions in this scale ask you about your feelings and thoughts during the last month. The questions in this scale ask about your feelings and thoughts during the last month. This form is measured through the study of responses related to. Perceived stress scale by sheldon cohen the perceived stress scale pss is the most widely used psychological instrument for measuring the perception of stress. Perceived stress scale pss is a selfreported instrument with 10 items, which is widely used psychological instrument for measuring the degree to which situations in ones life are appraised as stressful cohen et al, 1983. Pss items were designed to tap the degree to which respondents found their lives unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloading. Stress and its risk factors are frequently seen in ethiopians including university students. The perceived stress scale is a way to quantify perception of stress. Thus, the purposes of this representative study were to psychometrically evaluate the pss10, and to provide norm values for the german population. Reliability and validity of the perceived stress scale10 in. A global measure of perceived stress wofford college. Psychometric evaluation of the perceived stress scale in.
The perceived stress scale pss is a globally used and selfreport scale measuring perceived stress. The perceived stress scale pss is the most widely used psychological instrument for measuring the perception of stress. It is a measure of the degree to which situations in ones life are appraised as stressful. It is a selfreported questionnaire that was designed to measure the degree to which individuals appraise situations in their lives as stressful cohen et al. The perceived stress scale pss, created by the psychologist dr. The pss scale is reprinted with permission of the american sociological association, from cohen, s. The perceived stress scale pss, 10item version cohen, 2005, is a widely used indicator of perceptions of stress, such as loss of control over events in ones life, with validity supported by. Your score on this test will help us determine how likely it is that mental and emotional stress are contributing to your condition. The perceived stress scale pss is a classic stress assessment instrument. Sheldon cohen, in order to provide access to a psychological instrument that will measure the level of perceived stress. Crosscultural translation and equivalence assessment. It helps you to recognise just how often you have been feeling high levels of stress and putting your wellbeing at risk. This form is measured through the study of responses related to thoughts and feelings about stressful life. The tool, while originally developed in 1983, remains a popular choice for helping us understand how different situations affect our feelings and our perceived stress.
A global measure of perceived stress sheldon cohen carnegiemellon university tom kamarck university of oregon robin mermelstein university of oregon journal of health and social behavior 1983, vol. Participants were 793 brazilian university teachers. There are three popular tools for measuring perceived stress. Your score on this test will help us determine how likely it is that mental and emotional stress are contributing to. Getting to know your stress level is important in maintaining sound cognitive function. Perceived stress scale scoring each item is rated on a 5point scale ranging from never 0 to almost always 4. Psychometric analysis of the tenitem perceived stress scale.
Items were designed to tap how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded respondents find their lives. Perceived stress scale an overview sciencedirect topics. The effect of gender, age, experience and industry on. Prior to the development of the pss, assessment of stress tended to focus on objective indicators e. The perceived stress scale pss estimates the extent to which circumstances in ones experience are assessed as stressful. Perceived stress score the perceived stress scale pss, created by the psychologist dr. Table 6 presents an overview of t values of perceived parenting style and perceived stress of adolescents in relation to the qualification. Review of the psychometric evidence of the perceived stress scale. In such circumstances, a valid measure to screen for stress in ethiopians is necessary. The perceived stress scale was developed by sheldon cohen and his colleagues. The perceived stress scale was produced by sheldon cohen in 1983. Stress is a common psychological condition usually associated with many psychophysical disorders.
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